TY - JOUR AU - Markert, Carl AU - Sasangohar, Farzan AU - Mortazavi, J. Bobak AU - Fields, Sherecce PY - 2021/1/29 TI - The Use of Telehealth Technology to Support Health Coaching for Older Adults: Literature Review JO - JMIR Hum Factors SP - e23796 VL - 8 IS - 1 KW - telemedicine KW - remote sensing technology KW - health coaching KW - decision support systems KW - clinical KW - older adults N2 - Background: Health coaching is an intervention process for driving behavior change through goal-setting, education, encouragement, and feedback on health-related behaviors. Telehealth systems that include health coaching and remote monitoring are making inroads in managing chronic conditions and may be especially suited for older populations. Objective: This literature review aimed to investigate the current status of health coaching interventions incorporating telehealth technology and the associated effectiveness of this intervention to deliver health care with an emphasis on older adults (aged 65 and older). Methods: A literature review was conducted to identify the research conducted on health coaching combined with remote monitoring for delivering health care to older adults. The Ovid MEDLINE and CINAHL databases were queried using a combination of relevant search terms (including middle aged, aged, older adult, elderly, health coaching, and wellness coaching). The search retrieved 196 papers published from January 2010 to September 2019 in English. Following a systematic review process, the titles and abstracts of the papers retrieved were screened for applicability to health coaching for older adults to define a subset for further review. Papers were excluded if the studied population did not include older adults. The full text of the 42 papers in this subset was then reviewed, and 13 papers related to health coaching combined with remote monitoring for older adults were included in this review. Results: Of the 13 studies reviewed, 10 found coaching supported by telehealth technology to provide effective outcomes. Effectiveness outcomes assessed in the studies included hospital admissions/re-admissions, mortality, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, body weight, blood pressure, physical activity level, fatigue, quality of life, and user acceptance of the coaching program and technology. Conclusions: Telehealth systems that include health coaching have been implemented in older populations as a viable intervention method for managing chronic conditions with mixed results. Health coaching combined with telehealth may be an effective solution for providing health care to older adults. However, health coaching is predominantly performed by human coaches with limited use of technology to augment or replace the human coach. The opportunity exists to expand health coaching to include automated coaching. UR - http://humanfactors.jmir.org/2021/1/e23796/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23796 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33512322 ID - info:doi/10.2196/23796 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Silva, G. Anabela AU - Caravau, Hilma AU - Martins, Ana AU - Almeida, Pisco Ana Margarida AU - Silva, Telmo AU - Ribeiro, Óscar AU - Santinha, Gonçalo AU - Rocha, P. Nelson PY - 2021/1/13 TI - Procedures of User-Centered Usability Assessment for Digital Solutions: Scoping Review of Reviews Reporting on Digital Solutions Relevant for Older Adults JO - JMIR Hum Factors SP - e22774 VL - 8 IS - 1 KW - mobile phone KW - user-centered design KW - aged KW - review KW - telemedicine N2 - Background: The assessment of usability is a complex process that involves several steps and procedures. It is important to standardize the evaluation and reporting of usability procedures across studies to guide researchers, facilitate comparisons across studies, and promote high-quality usability studies. The first step to standardizing is to have an overview of how usability study procedures are reported across the literature. Objective: This scoping review of reviews aims to synthesize the procedures reported for the different steps of the process of conducting a user-centered usability assessment of digital solutions relevant for older adults and to identify potential gaps in the present reporting of procedures. The secondary aim is to identify any principles or frameworks guiding this assessment in view of a standardized approach. Methods: This is a scoping review of reviews. A 5-stage scoping review methodology was used to identify and describe relevant literature published between 2009 and 2020 as follows: identify the research question, identify relevant studies, select studies for review, chart data from selected literature, and summarize and report results. The research was conducted on 5 electronic databases: PubMed, ACM Digital Library, IEEE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Reviews that met the inclusion criteria (reporting on user-centered usability evaluation procedures for any digital solution that could be relevant for older adults and were published in English) were identified, and data were extracted for further analysis regarding study evaluators, study participants, methods and techniques, tasks, and test environment. Results: A total of 3958 articles were identified. After a detailed screening, 20 reviews matched the eligibility criteria. The characteristics of the study evaluators and participants and task procedures were only briefly and differently reported. The methods and techniques used for the assessment of usability are the topics that were most commonly and comprehensively reported in the reviews, whereas the test environment was seldom and poorly characterized. Conclusions: A lack of a detailed description of several steps of the process of assessing usability and no evidence on good practices of performing it suggests that there is a need for a consensus framework on the assessment of user-centered usability evaluation. Such a consensus would inform researchers and allow standardization of procedures, which are likely to result in improved study quality and reporting, increased sensitivity of the usability assessment, and improved comparability across studies and digital solutions. Our findings also highlight the need to investigate whether different ways of assessing usability are more sensitive than others. These findings need to be considered in light of review limitations. UR - http://humanfactors.jmir.org/2021/1/e22774/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22774 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33439128 ID - info:doi/10.2196/22774 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Andrade, Evismar AU - Quinlan, Leo AU - Harte, Richard AU - Byrne, Dara AU - Fallon, Enda AU - Kelly, Martina AU - Casey, Siobhan AU - Kirrane, Frank AU - O'Connor, Paul AU - O'Hora, Denis AU - Scully, Michael AU - Laffey, John AU - Pladys, Patrick AU - Beuchée, Alain AU - ÓLaighin, Gearóid PY - 2020/7/3 TI - Novel Interface Designs for Patient Monitoring Applications in Critical Care Medicine: Human Factors Review JO - JMIR Hum Factors SP - e15052 VL - 7 IS - 3 KW - interface design KW - usability KW - situation awareness KW - graphical display KW - satisfaction KW - response time KW - accuracy KW - anesthesiology KW - critical care KW - performance KW - ecological display N2 - Background: The patient monitor (PM) is one of the most commonly used medical devices in hospitals worldwide. PMs are used to monitor patients? vital signs in a wide variety of patient care settings, especially in critical care settings, such as intensive care units. An interesting observation is that the design of PMs has not significantly changed over the past 2 decades, with the layout and structure of PMs more or less unchanged, with incremental changes in design being made rather than transformational changes. Thus, we believe it well-timed to review the design of novel PM interfaces, with particular reference to usability and human factors. Objective: This paper aims to review innovations in PM design proposed by researchers and explore how clinicians responded to these design changes. Methods: A literature search of relevant databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, identified 16 related studies. A detailed description of the interface design and an analysis of each novel PM were carried out, including a detailed analysis of the structure of the different user interfaces, to inform future PM design. The test methodologies used to evaluate the different designs are also presented. Results: Most of the studies included in this review identified some level of improvement in the clinician?s performance when using a novel display in comparison with the traditional PM. For instance, from the 16 reviewed studies, 12 studies identified an improvement in the detection and response times, and 10 studies identified an improvement in the accuracy or treatment efficiency. This indicates that novel displays have the potential to improve the clinical performance of nurses and doctors. However, the outcomes of some of these studies are weakened because of methodological deficiencies. These deficiencies are discussed in detail in this study. Conclusions: More careful study design is warranted to investigate the user experience and usability of future novel PMs for real time vital sign monitoring, to establish whether or not they could be used successfully in critical care. A series of recommendations on how future novel PM designs and evaluations can be enhanced are provided. UR - https://humanfactors.jmir.org/2020/3/e15052 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15052 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32618574 ID - info:doi/10.2196/15052 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grace-Farfaglia, Patricia PY - 2019/07/19 TI - Social Cognitive Theories and Electronic Health Design: Scoping Review JO - JMIR Hum Factors SP - e11544 VL - 6 IS - 3 KW - social theory KW - design KW - health promotion KW - behavioral economics KW - social support KW - social media KW - serious games N2 - Background: There are several social cognitive theories (SCTs) and models that support platform design in electronic health (eHealth) promotion trials. The rationale for this scoping review was to determine how social design features (informational aid, expressive support, gaming, and tailored content) are used to promote self-efficacy, engagement, knowledge, and behavior change. Objective: This study aimed to review a broad spectrum of digital health interventions in the literature seeking trials that use SCTs for the design of eHealth applications. Methods: The author conducted a systematic scoping review of 161 Web-based health interventions from published randomized clinical trials using 1 or more tools to address the social cognitive determinants in their website design from January 2006 to April 2016. An iterative approach was used in the selection of studies and data extraction. The studies were analyzed for quality and coded for type of social design features employed. Results: Expressive interaction tools were found in 48.6% (54/111) of studies categorized as a strong recommendation by the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Overall, less than half of the studies addressed participant social support and motivational needs (43.8%). The vast majority of studies (100%) relied on the use of the Web for delivery of informational aid and tailored content for the individual participant (75.9%). Conclusions: This review fills a research gap by linking social theory to Web strategy to improve the impact and sustainability of eHealth interventions. A Digital Health Intervention Model was developed to provide a framework to enhance future Web-based health intervention design and execution. UR - https://humanfactors.jmir.org/2019/3/e11544/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/11544 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31325290 ID - info:doi/10.2196/11544 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Waite, Marion AU - Martin, Clare AU - Franklin, Rachel AU - Duce, David AU - Harrison, Rachel PY - 2018/3/15 TI - Human Factors and Data Logging Processes With the Use of Advanced Technology for Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Systematic Integrative Review JO - JMIR Hum Factors SP - e11 VL - 5 IS - 1 KW - adult KW - type 1 diabetes mellitus KW - T1D KW - technology KW - self-management KW - self-care KW - telehealth KW - telemedicine KW - reminder system KW - continuous glucose monitoring KW - Sensor-augmented pump therapy KW - closed loop systems KW - adherence KW - compliance KW - barrier KW - usability N2 - Background: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) undertake self-management to prevent short and long-term complications. Advanced technology potentially supports such activities but requires consideration of psychological and behavioral constructs and usability issues. Economic factors and health care provider capacity influence access and uptake of advanced technology. Previous reviews have focused upon clinical outcomes or were descriptive or have synthesized studies on adults with those on children and young people where human factors are different. Objective: This review described and examined the relationship between human factors and adherence with technology for data logging processes in adults with T1D. Methods: A systematic literature search was undertaken by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Quality appraisal was undertaken and data were abstracted and categorized into the themes that underpinned the human factor constructs that were examined. Results: A total of 18 studies were included. A total of 6 constructs emerged from the data analysis: the relationship between adherence to data logging and measurable outcomes; satisfaction with the transition to advanced technology for self-management; use of advanced technology and time spent on diabetes-related activities; strategies to mediate the complexities of diabetes and the use of advanced technology; cognition in the wild; and meanings, views, and perspectives from the users of technology. Conclusions: Increased treatment satisfaction was found on transition from traditional to advanced technology use?insulin pump and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM); the most significant factor was when blood glucose levels were consistently <7.00 mmol/L (P ?.01). Participants spent considerable time on their diabetes self-care. Logging of data was positively correlated with increasing age when using an app that provided meaningful feedback (regression coefficient=55.8 recordings/year; P ?.01). There were benefits of CGM for older people in mediating complexities and fears of hypoglycemia with significant differences in well-being (P ?.001). Qualitative studies explored the contextual use and uptake of technology. The results suggested frustrations with CGM, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, calibration of devices, and alarms. Furthermore implications for ?body image? and the way in which ?significant others? impacted on the behavior and attitude of the individual toward technology use. There were wide variations in the normal use of and interaction with technology across a continuum of sociocultural contexts, which has implications for the way in which future technologies should be designed. Quantitative studies were limited by small sample sizes, making it difficult to generalize findings to other contexts. This was further limited by a sample that was predominantly white, well-controlled, and engaged with self-care. The use of critical appraisal frameworks demonstrated where research into human factors and data logging processes of individuals could be improved. This included engaging people in the design of the technology, especially hard-to-reach or marginalized groups. UR - http://humanfactors.jmir.org/2018/1/e11/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.9049 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29535079 ID - info:doi/10.2196/humanfactors.9049 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sharpe, Elizabeth Emma AU - Karasouli, Eleni AU - Meyer, Caroline PY - 2017/10/23 TI - Examining Factors of Engagement With Digital Interventions for Weight Management: Rapid Review JO - JMIR Res Protoc SP - e205 VL - 6 IS - 10 KW - weight loss KW - obesity KW - patient engagement KW - self-help devices KW - health technology KW - eHealth KW - mobile apps KW - patient adherence KW - review N2 - Background: Digital interventions for weight management provide a unique opportunity to target daily lifestyle choices and eating behaviors over a sustained period of time. However, recent evidence has demonstrated a lack of user engagement with digital health interventions, impacting on the levels of intervention effectiveness. Thus, it is critical to identify the factors that may facilitate user engagement with digital health interventions to encourage behavior change and weight management. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and synthesize the available evidence to gain insights about users? perspectives on factors that affect engagement with digital interventions for weight management. Methods: A rapid review methodology was adopted. The search strategy was executed in the following databases: Web of Science, PsycINFO, and PubMed. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they investigated users? engagement with a digital weight management intervention and were published from 2000 onwards. A narrative synthesis of data was performed on all included studies. Results: A total of 11 studies were included in the review. The studies were qualitative, mixed-methods, or randomized controlled trials. Some of the studies explored features influencing engagement when using a Web-based digital intervention, others specifically explored engagement when accessing a mobile phone app, and some looked at engagement after text message (short message service, SMS) reminders. Factors influencing engagement with digital weight management interventions were found to be both user-related (eg, perceived health benefits) and digital intervention?related (eg, ease of use and the provision of personalized information). Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of incorporating user perspectives during the digital intervention development process to encourage engagement. The review contributes to our understanding of what facilitates user engagement and points toward a coproduction approach for developing digital interventions for weight management. Particularly, it highlights the importance of thinking about user-related and digital tool?related factors from the very early stages of the intervention development process. UR - http://www.researchprotocols.org/2017/10/e205/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/resprot.6059 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29061557 ID - info:doi/10.2196/resprot.6059 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jatoba, Alessandro AU - Burns, Marie Catherine AU - Vidal, Rodriguez Mario Cesar AU - Carvalho, Rodrigues Paulo Victor PY - 2016/08/15 TI - Designing for Risk Assessment Systems for Patient Triage in Primary Health Care: A Literature Review JO - JMIR Hum Factors SP - e21 VL - 3 IS - 2 KW - primary health care KW - triage KW - clinical decision support systems KW - health information systems N2 - Background: This literature review covers original journal papers published between 2011 and 2015. These papers review the current status of research on the application of human factors and ergonomics in risk assessment systems? design to cope with the complexity, singularity, and danger in patient triage in primary health care. Objective: This paper presents a systematic literature review that aims to identify, analyze, and interpret the application of available evidence from human factors and ergonomics to the design of tools, devices, and work processes to support risk assessment in the context of health care. Methods: Electronic search was performed on 7 bibliographic databases of health sciences, engineering, and computer sciences disciplines. The quality and suitability of primary studies were evaluated, and selected papers were classified according to 4 classes of outcomes. Results: A total of 1845 papers were retrieved by the initial search, culminating in 16 selected for data extraction after the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and quality and suitability evaluation. Conclusions: Results point out that the study of the implications of the lack of understanding about real work performance in designing for risk assessment in health care is very specific, little explored, and mostly focused on the development of tools. UR - http://humanfactors.jmir.org/2016/2/e21/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.5083 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27528543 ID - info:doi/10.2196/humanfactors.5083 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Orlowski, Kate Simone AU - Lawn, Sharon AU - Venning, Anthony AU - Winsall, Megan AU - Jones, M. Gabrielle AU - Wyld, Kaisha AU - Damarell, A. Raechel AU - Antezana, Gaston AU - Schrader, Geoffrey AU - Smith, David AU - Collin, Philippa AU - Bidargaddi, Niranjan PY - 2015/07/09 TI - Participatory Research as One Piece of the Puzzle: A Systematic Review of Consumer Involvement in Design of Technology-Based Youth Mental Health and Well-Being Interventions JO - JMIR Human Factors SP - e12 VL - 2 IS - 2 KW - mental health KW - young people KW - technology KW - intervention KW - participatory KW - design N2 - Background: Despite the potential of technology-based mental health interventions for young people, limited uptake and/or adherence is a significant challenge. It is thought that involving young people in the development and delivery of services designed for them leads to better engagement. Further research is required to understand the role of participatory approaches in design of technology-based mental health and well-being interventions for youth. Objective: To investigate consumer involvement processes and associated outcomes from studies using participatory methods in development of technology-based mental health and well-being interventions for youth. Methods: Fifteen electronic databases, using both resource-specific subject headings and text words, were searched describing 2 broad concepts-participatory research and mental health/illness. Grey literature was accessed via Google Advanced search, and relevant conference Web sites and reference lists were also searched. A first screening of titles/abstracts eliminated irrelevant citations and documents. The remaining citations were screened by a second reviewer. Full text articles were double screened. All projects employing participatory research processes in development and/or design of (ICT/digital) technology-based youth mental health and well-being interventions were included. No date restrictions were applied; English language only. Data on consumer involvement, research and design process, and outcomes were extracted via framework analysis. Results: A total of 6210 studies were reviewed, 38 full articles retrieved, and 17 included in this study. It was found that consumer participation was predominantly consultative and consumerist in nature and involved design specification and intervention development, and usability/pilot testing. Sustainable participation was difficult to achieve. Projects reported clear dichotomies around designer/researcher and consumer assumptions of effective and acceptable interventions. It was not possible to determine the impact of participatory research on intervention effectiveness due to lack of outcome data. Planning for or having pre-existing implementation sites assisted implementation. The review also revealed a lack of theory-based design and process evaluation. Conclusions: Consumer consultations helped shape intervention design. However, with little evidence of outcomes and a lack of implementation following piloting, the value of participatory research remains unclear. UR - http://humanfactors.jmir.org/2015/2/e12/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.4361 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27025279 ID - info:doi/10.2196/humanfactors.4361 ER -