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Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Professionals and Large Language Models: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Professionals and Large Language Models: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Numerous experts and scholars have explored the application of specialized AI and software tools in clinical diagnosis, yet there is limited knowledge about the performance of LLMs in this context. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate the performance and accuracy of LLMs in clinical diagnosis, providing references for their clinical application.

Guxue Shan, Xiaonan Chen, Chen Wang, Li Liu, Yuanjing Gu, Huiping Jiang, Tingqi Shi

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e64963

The Diagnostic Performance of Large Language Models and Oral Medicine Consultants for Identifying Oral Lesions in Text-Based Clinical Scenarios: Prospective Comparative Study

The Diagnostic Performance of Large Language Models and Oral Medicine Consultants for Identifying Oral Lesions in Text-Based Clinical Scenarios: Prospective Comparative Study

The diagnosis of pathological conditions within the oral cavity has traditionally relied on visual examination, histopathological analysis, and clinical expertise [3]. However, AI algorithms have the potential to analyze various data sources, including clinical images, patient records, and radiographs, to provide valuable insights and suggestions for clinicians to facilitate the diagnosis of oral lesions [4]. Chat GPT is a recently introduced AI tool developed by Open AI.

Sarah AlFarabi Ali, Hebah AlDehlawi, Ahoud Jazzar, Heba Ashi, Nihal Esam Abuzinadah, Mohammad AlOtaibi, Abdulrahman Algarni, Hazzaa Alqahtani, Sara Akeel, Soulafa Almazrooa

JMIR AI 2025;4:e70566

Effect of Uncertainty-Aware AI Models on Pharmacists’ Reaction Time and Decision-Making in a Web-Based Mock Medication Verification Task: Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of Uncertainty-Aware AI Models on Pharmacists’ Reaction Time and Decision-Making in a Web-Based Mock Medication Verification Task: Randomized Controlled Trial

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly prevalent in health care with a wide range of applications such as drug development [1], computer-aided diagnosis and detection [2,3], and clinical decision-making [4]. In particular, AI-based clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can improve medication safety and reduce medication errors.

Corey Lester, Brigid Rowell, Yifan Zheng, Zoe Co, Vincent Marshall, Jin Yong Kim, Qiyuan Chen, Raed Kontar, X Jessie Yang

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e64902

Development of an eHealth Mindfulness-Based Music Therapy Intervention for Adults Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Qualitative Study

Development of an eHealth Mindfulness-Based Music Therapy Intervention for Adults Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Qualitative Study

Most participants described the diagnosis of cancer as a profoundly shocking experience because they were diagnosed when they were feeling well and without any noticeable symptoms (“I didn’t know I was sick. I had regular blood work done April of 2021 and everything was normal. And then June 1st I had a lump like a lymph node in my neck that was a little enlarged, but I wasn’t feeling sick.”).

Sara E Fleszar-Pavlovic, Blanca Noriega Esquives, Padideh Lovan, Arianna E Brito, Ann Marie Sia, Mary Adelyn Kauffman, Maria Lopes, Patricia I Moreno, Tulay Koru-Sengul, Rui Gong, Trent Wang, Eric D Wieder, Maria Rueda-Lara, Michael Antoni, Krishna Komanduri, Teresa Lesiuk, Frank J Penedo

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e65188

Machine Learning Models for Frailty Classification of Older Adults in Northern Thailand: Model Development and Validation Study

Machine Learning Models for Frailty Classification of Older Adults in Northern Thailand: Model Development and Validation Study

The study results were reported in accordance with the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis plus Artificial Intelligence (TRIPOD+AI) statement [45]. Baseline characteristics of participants in this study are shown in Table 1. The participants in the internal validation dataset had a mean age of 71.0 years. Most of the participants were male and had finished primary school.

Natthanaphop Isaradech, Wachiranun Sirikul, Nida Buawangpong, Penprapa Siviroj, Amornphat Kitro

JMIR Aging 2025;8:e62942

The Importance of Comparing New Technologies (AI) to Existing Tools for Patient Education on Common Dermatologic Conditions: A Commentary

The Importance of Comparing New Technologies (AI) to Existing Tools for Patient Education on Common Dermatologic Conditions: A Commentary

Reference 1: The comparative sufficiency of ChatGPT, Google Bard, and Bing AI in answering diagnosis,diagnosis

Parker Juels

JMIR Dermatol 2025;8:e71768

AI-Derived Blood Biomarkers for Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

AI-Derived Blood Biomarkers for Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The conventional diagnosis of OC principally depends on imaging techniques (encompassing ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging); serum biomarkers (such as cancer antigen 125, carcinoembryonic antigen, and human epididymis protein 4); along with the invasive procedure (histological biopsy) [3,4]. However, the sensitivity and specificity of imaging techniques and biomarkers are restricted [5]. Furthermore, the histopathological test is inherently invasive [3].

He-Li Xu, Xiao-Ying Li, Ming-Qian Jia, Qi-Peng Ma, Ying-Hua Zhang, Fang-Hua Liu, Ying Qin, Yu-Han Chen, Yu Li, Xi-Yang Chen, Yi-Lin Xu, Dong-Run Li, Dong-Dong Wang, Dong-Hui Huang, Qian Xiao, Yu-Hong Zhao, Song Gao, Xue Qin, Tao Tao, Ting-Ting Gong, Qi-Jun Wu

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e67922

Lessons Learned From European Health Data Projects With Cancer Use Cases: Implementation of Health Standards and Internet of Things Semantic Interoperability

Lessons Learned From European Health Data Projects With Cancer Use Cases: Implementation of Health Standards and Internet of Things Semantic Interoperability

These projects include the following: Chameleon: a project focused on developing AI algorithms for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Eu Can Image: a project aimed at creating a large-scale cancer image database. Pro CAncer-I: a project focused on developing AI-based tools for personalized cancer treatment. Incisive: a project contributing a significant amount of cancer image data to EUCAIM. Primage: a project focused on developing AI-based image analysis techniques for cancer diagnosis.

Amelie Gyrard, Somayeh Abedian, Philip Gribbon, George Manias, Rick van Nuland, Kurt Zatloukal, Irina Emilia Nicolae, Gabriel Danciu, Septimiu Nechifor, Luis Marti-Bonmati, Pedro Mallol, Stefano Dalmiani, Serge Autexier, Mario Jendrossek, Ioannis Avramidis, Eva Garcia Alvarez, Petr Holub, Ignacio Blanquer, Anna Boden, Rada Hussein

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e66273