Published on in Vol 12 (2025)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/58479, first published
.

1 School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei City, Taiwan
2 Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
*all authors contributed equally