This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

User-Centered Design Case Studies (721) Design of Processes and Workflows (203) Participatory Design and Participatory Research (437) User-Centered Design Case Studies (721)

Published on in Vol 13 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/80861, first published .
Redesign of Bedside Supply Carts to Improve Emergency Department Workflows: Mixed Methods Participatory Design

Redesign of Bedside Supply Carts to Improve Emergency Department Workflows: Mixed Methods Participatory Design

Redesign of Bedside Supply Carts to Improve Emergency Department Workflows: Mixed Methods Participatory Design

Authors of this article:

Kat Hefter1 Author Orcid Image ;   Sammy Dreibelbis2 Author Orcid Image ;   Theresa Haupt1 Author Orcid Image ;   Amelia McIver1 Author Orcid Image ;   Agnes Wang3 Author Orcid Image ;   Julia Dwight4 Author Orcid Image ;   Ogechi Nwodim5 Author Orcid Image ;   Neil Ray5 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by Tweetations Metrics

Kat Hefter   1 , MSE, JD ;   Sammy Dreibelbis   2 , BFA ;   Theresa Haupt   1 , MSE ;   Amelia McIver   1 , MSE ;   Agnes Wang   3 , MSE ;   Julia Dwight   4 , BS, BSN ;   Ogechi Nwodim   5 , MD ;   Neil Ray   5 , MD

1 Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

2 Department of Integrated Product Design, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

3 Department of Data Sciences, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

4 Emergency Department, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, United States

5 Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

Corresponding Author:

  • Kat Hefter, MSE, JD
  • Department of Bioengineering
  • School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania
  • 210 S. 33rd St., Suite 240, Skirkanich Hall
  • Philadelphia, PA 19104
  • United States
  • Email: khefter@seas.upenn.edu