Impact of Rural Trauma Team Development Education on Prehospital Time, Referral-to-Dispatch Interval, and Neurological and Musculoskeletal Injury Outcomes: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Herman Lule   ^{1, 2, 3} , MMED, MBChB ;   Micheal Mugerwa   ⁴ , MSc ;   Anne Abio   ^{5, 6} , PhD, MPH ;   Benson Oguttu   ^{7, 8} , MBChB ;   Andrew Kakeeto   ^{9, 10} , MBChB ;   Fiona J Walsh   ¹¹ , MPH, MIA ;   Hervé Monka Lekuya   ^{12, 13} , MMED, MD ;   Robinson Ssebuufu   ¹⁴ , MMED, MBChB ;   Patrick Kyamanywa   ¹⁵ , MMED, MBChB ;   Andreas Deckert   ¹¹ , Dr Sc ;   Till Bärnighausen   ^{16, 17} , MD, ScD ;   Jussi P Posti   ¹⁸ , MD, PhD ;   Michael Lowery Wilson   ¹ , MPH, PhD

¹ Injury Epidemiology and Prevention (IEP) Research Group, Turku Brain Injury Centre, Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland

² Center for Health Equity in Surgery and Anesthesia, Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States

³ Department of Surgery, Kiryandongo Regional Referral Hospital, Kigumba, Uganda

⁴ Department of Public Health Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, United States

⁵ Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

⁶ INVEST Research Flagship Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

⁷ Department of Surgery, Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Jinja, Uganda

⁸ Department of Public Health, Botswana-Havard Health Partnership (BHP), Gaborone, Botswana

⁹ Department of Surgery, Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, Hoima, Uganda

¹⁰ Department of Surgery, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda

¹¹ Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany

¹² Department of Neurosurgery, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

¹³ Department of Human Structure and Repair (GE38), Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Flanders, Belgium

¹⁴ Department of Surgery, Mengo Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

¹⁵ Mother Kevin Postgraduate Medical School, Uganda Martyr's University, Nkozi, Uganda

¹⁶ Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa

¹⁷ Department of Global Health and Population, Havard T H Chan School of Public Health, Havard University, Boston, MA, United States

¹⁸ Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery and Turku Brain Injury Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland